SILOS VA QISHKI OZUQA TAYYORLASHNING YEVROPA USULLARI
Abstract
Ushbu tadqiqotda chorvachilik mahsuldorligini oshirishda hal qiluvchi ahamiyatga ega bo‘lgan silos tayyorlashning zamonaviy Yevropa usullari va ularning samaradorligi o‘rganilgan. Tadqiqotning asosiy muammosi ozuqa bazasining sifatsizligi sababli qishki davrda sut mahsuldorligining pasayishi bilan bog‘liq. Ishning maqsadi Germaniya va Niderlandiya tajribasi asosida ozuqa birligini saqlashning optimal texnologiyalarini tahlil qilishdan iborat. Tadqiqot davomida qiyosiy tahlil va statistik ma’lumotlarni umumlashtirish usullaridan foydalanildi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatdiki, gorizontal silos transheyalaridan polimer plyonkali "shlang" (silage bag) usuliga o‘tish ozuqa isrofini 15-18 foizdan 3-5 foizgacha kamaytiradi. Shuningdek, biologik inokulyantlarni qo‘llash sut kislotasi miqdorini 70 foizga oshirishi aniqlandi. Xulosa sifatida, Yevropa standartlari asosida tayyorlangan ozuqa chorva mollarining qishki ratsionida energiya balansini 12 foizga yaxshilash imkonini berishi isbotlandi.
References
1. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2022-yil 8-fevraldagi “Chorvachilikni yanada rivojlantirish va chorva ozuqa bazasini mustahkamlash chora-tadbirlari to‘g‘risida”gi PQ-121-son qarori. – Toshkent: Qonun hujjatlari ma’lumotlari milliy bazasi, 2022.
2. Atabayeva X.N., Xudayqulov J.B. O‘simlikshunoslik. – Toshkent: Fan va texnologiya, 2018. – 408 b.
3. Hamroev G‘.F. Chorvachilikda ozuqa yetishtirish va uni saqlash texnologiyalari. – Samarqand: SamDU nashriyoti, 2020. – 156 b.
4. Wilkinson J.M., Rinne M. Silage making in Europe: A review of main priorities // Grass and Forage Science. – 2018. – Vol. 73, №1. – P. 2-16.
5. FAO. Grasslands and Forage Resources in Europe. – Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2021. – URL: https://www.fao.org/3/cb4567en/cb4567en.pdf
6. Khan N., Yu P., Ali M. et al. Silage fermentation characteristics and nutritional value of corn silage // Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. – 2021. – Vol. 12, №1. – P. 1-14.
7. McDonald P., Edwards R.A., Greenhalgh J.F.D. Animal Nutrition. – 7th edition. – London: Pearson Education, 2011. – 692 p.
8. Kung L., Shaver R.D., Grant R.J. Silage review: Interpretation of chemical, microbial, and organoleptic components of silages // Journal of Dairy Science. – 2018. – Vol. 101, №5. – P. 4020-4033.
9. Pahlow G., Muck R.E., Driehuis F. et al. Microbiology of Ensiling // Silage Science and Technology. – 2015. – Vol. 42. – P. 31-93.
10. European Commission. CAP monitoring indicators: Livestock and fodder production in the EU. – Brussels: European Union, 2023. – URL: https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/data-and-analysis/
11. Wilkinson J.M., Muck R.E. Ensiling in bales: Uses and quality // Grass and Forage Science. – 2019. – Vol. 74, №3. – P. 349-363.
12. Weinberg Z.G., Ashbell G. Engineering aspects of ensiling // Biochemical Engineering Journal. – 2014. – Vol. 18, №3. – P. 231-236.
13. Bernardes T.F., Daniel J.L.P., Adesogan A.T. et al. Silage review: Forage conservation in the South // Journal of Dairy Science. – 2018. – Vol. 101, №5. – P. 3951-3960.
14. Rooke J.A., Hatfield R.D. Biochemistry of Ensiling // Silage Science and Technology. – Madison: American Society of Agronomy, 2015. – P. 95-139.
15. OECD. Agricultural Policy Monitoring and Evaluation 2022: Reforming Agricultural Policies for Climate Change Mitigation. – Paris: OECD Publishing, 2022. – URL: https://doi.org/10.1787/7f4542bf-en
