THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
Abstract
The Malaysian judicial system is a unique model in Southeast Asia, distinguished by its federal structure, combination of common law and Islamic jurisprudence, and active implementation of digital technologies. The article analyzes key aspects, including the two-tier judicial hierarchy, the functioning of two parallel High Courts, autonomous Sharia courts, the creation of specialized mechanisms for regulating cyberspace, and the integration of digital tools such as electronic filing and videoconferencing. Based on constitutional norms, recent reforms, and comparative analysis with other ASEAN countries, it highlights how these features contribute to Malaysia's legal pluralism while addressing challenges such as jurisdictional overlap and ensuring technological justice. The study, based on data as of August 2025, highlights the adaptability of the system in a multinational federal society.
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