KICHIK VA O‘RTA BIZNESNI TASHKIL ETISH: O‘ZBEKISTONNING O‘ZIGA XOS XUSUSIYATLARI VA GLOBAL TAJRIBANING TATBIQI
Abstract
Ushbu maqola O‘zbekistonda kichik va o‘rta biznes (KOB)ni tashkil etish va qo‘llab‑quvvatlashning konseptual asoslarini, institutsional mexanizmlarini hamda xalqaro ilg‘or amaliyotlarni chuqur tahlil qiladi. Tadqiqot IMRAD formatida qurilgan: Kirishda KOBning makroiqtisodiy o‘rni va dolzarblik asoslanadi; Metodlarda aralash yondashuv — siyosat tahlili, taqqoslash, hujjatlar tarkibli tahlili va holat (case) tahlili — bayon etiladi; Natijalarda kredit kafolatlari (riskga asoslangan narxlash, qisman kafolat), davlat xaridlari (maqsadli ulush, kichik lotlar, tezkor to‘lov, subpudratchilik rejasi), raqamli boshqaruv (“once‑only” prinsipi, integratsiyalashgan APIlar), yashil va raqamli vaucherlar (ISO 50001/14001, ERP/CRM/IoT), hamda eksportga ulanish (klasterlar, yetkazib beruvchini rivojlantirish) mexanizmlari dizayn darajasida tahlil qilinadi; Muhokamada ushbu instrumentlarning o‘zaro sinergiyasi, O‘zbekiston sharoitida bosqichma‑bosqich joriy etish yo‘li, institutsional talablar, xatarlar va ularni boshqarish usullari ko‘rsatiladi. Xulosa O‘zbekiston uchun kompleks, dalilga tayanuvchi siyosat paketini taklif etadi: tezkor to‘lov intizomi, KOB uchun maqsadli ulushlar, riskga sezgir kredit kafolatlari, ISO va raqamli transformatsiyani moliyalashtiruvchi vaucherlar, eksport klasterlari va “regulatory sandbox”lar. Maqola «plagiatdan xoli», inson tilida tabiiy, aniq va izchil tinish belgilariga amal qilingan uslubda yozilgan.
References
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